A solar collector is a device that collects andor concentrates solar radiation from the sun. Us, allows us to offer full sheet absorber plates, maximizing the overall surface. These solar collectors are divided into two main types based on the type of heat transfer fluid used. High performance flat plate solar thermal collector. May 30, 2018 the flat plate solar collector is a type of solar thermal panel whose objective is to transform solar radiation into thermal energy. A typical flatplate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass. Flatplate collector an overview sciencedirect topics. Flat plate solar collectors sunmaxx has a complete line of titanpower tm and titanpowerplus flat plate solar collectors. Figure 3 shows transmittance of glass as a function of wavelength. Introduction flat plate solar collectors fpsc are generally. Flatplate solar collectors usually have three main components. Flat plate collectors are the most common solar thermal technology in europe. The type of glass used in flatplate collectors is almost always lowiron, tempered glass. For the glass cover plates of a flat plate collector, specular reflection of radiation occurs thereby reducing the product.
The flatplate solar collectors are probably the most fundamental and most. The honeycomb solar thermal collector hstc is a flat plate solar thermal collector. Explore concentrating collectors with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Concentrating collectors seminar report, ppt, pdf for ece. Cross section of an insulation part of a flat plate collector 4. The sun heats a dark flat surface, which collect as much energy as possible, and then the energy is transferred to water, air, or other fluid for further use. Characteristic values of flatplate and evacuated tube collectors qcoll is the energy collected per unit collector area per unit time fr is the collectors heat removal factor. These collectors are fieldtested and ready for use in nearly all climates and locations. These designs are classified in two general types of solar collectors. Solar thermal collectors and applications soteris a.
Types of flat plate collectors applications of flat plate. Unglazed flat plate collectors, typically made from rubber, are primarily used for heating pools. Flatplate collectors are the most common type of nonconcentrating collectors for water and space heating in buildings and are used when temperatures lower than 200f are sufficient. Aug 07, 2011 a flat plate collector is a box covered by glass or plastic with a metal absorber plate on the bottom. Sunlight passes through the glass, warming the interior, and a series of pipes or ducts allows water or air to flow through the unit and absorb the ambient heat. Flatplate solar collectors the absorber is usually a sheet of highthermal conductivity metal such as copper or aluminum, with tubes either integral or attached.
Collectors are usually oversized in order to satisfy a heat demand and this increases their manufacturing cost. These collectors are of two basic types based on heat transfer fluid 5. Most etcs are made out of annealed glass, which is susceptible to hail, breaking in roughly golf ballsized hail. They consist of an 1 enclosure containing 2 a dark colored absorber plate with fluid circulation passageways, and 3 a transparent cover to allow transmission of solar energy into the enclosure. Focusing only on three types of solar thermal collectors flat plate, evacuated tubes, and heat pipe tube. Flat plate collectors use both beam and diffuse solar radiation, do not require tracking of the sun, and require little maintenance 6, is usually planed on the top of a building or other structures. A typical flat plate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass or plastic cover called the glazing and a darkcolored absorber plate. Also explore the seminar topics paper on concentrating collectors with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year electronics and telecommunication engineering or ece students for the year 2015 2016. Flatplate collectors are designed for applications requiring moderate temperatures usually up to 110c above ambient temperatures. Kalogirou department of mechanical engineering, higher technical institute, p. Htps one of a kind laser welding technology, an exclusive procedure in the.
These collectors are generally mounted on the roof and must be very sturdy as they are exposed to a variety of different weather conditions. Alan uses the srcc ratings and collector price data to evaluate the priceperformance for several flat plate and evacuated tube collectors for his latest solar water heating project. However, the energy output of flat plate collectors is reduced slightly more than evacuated tube collectors in cloudy or extremely cold conditions. Characteristic values of flatplate and evacuated tube collectors qcoll is the energy collected per unit collector area per unit time fr is the collector s heat removal factor. In practice different kinds of solar collectors for hot domestic water heating worldwide. Optimal position of flat plate reflectors of solar thermal collector. Concentrating collectors large areas of mirrors or lenses focus the sunlight onto a smaller absorber. A typical flatplate collector consists of an absorber, transparent cover sheets, and an insulated box. The honeycomb solar thermal collector hstc is a flat plate solar thermal collector that shows promising high efficiencies over a wide range of climate zones. First, the heat transfer inside flatplate collectors is analyzed. Flatplate collectors are an extension of the basic idea to place a collector in an ovenlike box with glass in the direction of the sun. This manual provides solar radiation values for common flat plate and concentrating collectors for 239 stations in the united states and its territories. High performance flat plate solar thermal collector evaluation.
A large plate of blackened material is oriented in such a manner that the solar energy that falls on the pl. A typical flatplate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass or plastic cover called the glazing and a darkcolored absorber plate. Being tempered, the glass can withstand significant hail without breaking, which is one of the reasons that flatplate collectors are considered the most durable collector type. Jan 06, 2019 how flat plate solar collector workprinciple of fivestar flat plate solar. Background solar thermal water heating or solar hot water shw has a long history of use throughout the world, but has had varying penetration in the u. Mod12 lec12 theory of flat plate collectors liquid based a. Handout 11 types of flatplate collectors me 450 integral. A solar collector is a device used to collect, absorb, and transfer solar energy to a working fluid, such as water or air. Solar radiation data manual for flatplate and concentrating. Flat plate thermal solar collectors are the most commonly used type of solar collector. These are named as liquid collectors and air collectors and the. Feb 09, 2015 here in figure we can see insulation part.
This type of solar collector has a good cost effectiveness ratio in moderate climates and adapts correctly to a large number of applications of solar thermal energy heating of sanitary water, heating of swimming pools, support for heating, preheating industrial. Box 20423, nicosia 2152, cyprus received 18 june 2003. The main disadvantage of plastics is that their transmittance in the longer wave length is also high, therefore, they are not good a trap as glass. First, the heat transfer inside flat plate collectors is analyzed. Pdf optimal position of flat plate reflectors of solar. Vacuum flat plate solar collectors underpressure to reduce heat loss absolute pressure 1 to 10 kpa load upon flat cover glazing pillars need for shading the radiation heat trasfer to back side ir reflectors. That is why, this type of solar collectors must be equipped with an overheating protection system whose function is to prevent the tim from reaching high. The above performance equations assume that the sun is perpendicular to the plane of the collector, which rarely occurs. We have models from 26 ft2 up to 40 ft2, many of which are srcc og100 certified to maximize rebates and performance guarantees. Flat plate collectors a flat plate solar collector represents the simplest type, composed of a rectangular box with a glass cover and a heatabsorbent bottom layer. Types of solar collectors motion collector type absorber type concentration ratio indicative temperature range c stationary flat plate collector fpc flat 1 3080 evacuated tube collector etc flat 1 50200 compound parabolic collector cpc tubular 15 60240 singleaxis tracking 515 60300. The flat plate systems normally operate and reach the maximum efficiency within the temperature range from 30 to 80 o c kalogirou, 2009, however, some new types of collectors that employ vacuum insulation can achieve higher temperatures up to 100 o c. The glazing, or coating, on the absorber plate helps to better absorb and retain heat. This is the structure type of heat absorbing plate which is widely used at home and abroad.
The flatplate solar collectors are probably the most fundamental and most studied technology for solarpowered domestic hot water systems. These collectors heat liquid or air at temperatures less than 80c. A flat metal plate that intercepts and absorbs solar energy. Flatplate collectors use both beam and diffuse solar radiation, do not require tracking of the sun, and require little maintenance 6, is usually planed on the top of a building or other structures. The solar heat can be used for heating water, to back up heating systems, or for heating swimming pools. Flat plate collectors are generally more efficient than etc in full sunshine conditions. Flat plate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. Flat plate solar collectors flat plate solar collectors have been in service for the last 30 years, without significant changes in their design and operating principles. Flat plate collector flat plate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. Types of flat plate collectors applications of flat plate collectors materials of construction and their properties.
Most flatplate collectors have two horizontal pipes at the top and bottom, called headers, and many smaller vertical pipes connecting them, called risers. Pdf main components of solar flat plate liquid collector are transparent cover. How flat plate solar collector workprinciple of fivestar flat plate solar. Transparent plastic, such as polycarbonates and acrylics are also used as glazing for flat plate collector.
Handout 11 types of flatplate collectors me 450 integral collector storage ics tank type diythird world tube type thermosyphon type. The heart of a solar collector is the absorber, which is usually composed of several narrow metal strips. Solar resource information provides data on how much solar energy is available to a collector and how it might vary from month to month and year to year. The other main types are evacuated tube collectors and batch solar heaters also called integrated collectorstorage systems. Flat plate collectors flat plate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. A typical flat plate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass. The simplest flat plate collectors are the solar ponds and the solar stills which operate by direct utilization of the incident solar radiation acting simultaneously as solar energy converters.
Design, cfd analysis and fabrication of solar flat plate. Flatplate collectors flatplate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. Flatplate collectors are the most widely used kind of collectors in the world for domestic solar. A flat plate solar collector is one of three main types of solar collectors, which are key components of active solar heating systems. Flat plate collectors incidence angle modifier flat plate collectors. It is a great example of how to use the srcc data to make a good decision on which collector is best for a particular application. Feb 23, 2015 classification of solar collectors 1 flatplate collectors the absorbing surface is approximately as large as the overall collector area that intercepts the sun rays.
Flatplate collectors encyclopedia of desalination and water. In this chapter, solar water collectors and solar water heating systems are addressed. These collectors have a distinct advantage over other. These devices are primarily used for active solar heating and allow for the heating of water for personal use. Evacuated tube collector an overview sciencedirect topics. The overall idea behind this technology is pretty simple. Flatplate collectors are the most widely used kind of collectors in the world for domestic waterheating systems and solar space heatingcooling. Design considerations for flat plate solar water heater system. Working principle of flat plate collectors in flat plate collectors sunlight passes through the glazing and strikes the absorber plate, which heats up, changing solar energy into heat energy. The tubesheet heat absorber is a flat plate solar collector heat absorber plate, which is formed by connecting the exhaust pipe and the flat plate in a certain way, and then welded with the upper and lower unglazed collectors.
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